1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="en" class="light" dir="ltr">
<head>
<!-- Book generated using mdBook -->
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>gpg - Notes</title>
<!-- Custom HTML head -->
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">
<link rel="icon" href="../favicon.svg">
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../favicon.png">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/variables.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/general.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/chrome.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/print.css" media="print">
<!-- Fonts -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../FontAwesome/css/font-awesome.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../fonts/fonts.css">
<!-- Highlight.js Stylesheets -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../highlight.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../tomorrow-night.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../ayu-highlight.css">
<!-- Custom theme stylesheets -->
</head>
<body class="sidebar-visible no-js">
<div id="body-container">
<!-- Provide site root to javascript -->
<script>
var path_to_root = "../";
var default_theme = window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches ? "navy" : "light";
</script>
<!-- Work around some values being stored in localStorage wrapped in quotes -->
<script>
try {
var theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme');
var sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar');
if (theme.startsWith('"') && theme.endsWith('"')) {
localStorage.setItem('mdbook-theme', theme.slice(1, theme.length - 1));
}
if (sidebar.startsWith('"') && sidebar.endsWith('"')) {
localStorage.setItem('mdbook-sidebar', sidebar.slice(1, sidebar.length - 1));
}
} catch (e) { }
</script>
<!-- Set the theme before any content is loaded, prevents flash -->
<script>
var theme;
try { theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme'); } catch(e) { }
if (theme === null || theme === undefined) { theme = default_theme; }
var html = document.querySelector('html');
html.classList.remove('light')
html.classList.add(theme);
var body = document.querySelector('body');
body.classList.remove('no-js')
body.classList.add('js');
</script>
<input type="checkbox" id="sidebar-toggle-anchor" class="hidden">
<!-- Hide / unhide sidebar before it is displayed -->
<script>
var body = document.querySelector('body');
var sidebar = null;
var sidebar_toggle = document.getElementById("sidebar-toggle-anchor");
if (document.body.clientWidth >= 1080) {
try { sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar'); } catch(e) { }
sidebar = sidebar || 'visible';
} else {
sidebar = 'hidden';
}
sidebar_toggle.checked = sidebar === 'visible';
body.classList.remove('sidebar-visible');
body.classList.add("sidebar-" + sidebar);
</script>
<nav id="sidebar" class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of contents">
<div class="sidebar-scrollbox">
<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../intro.html">Introduction</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Tools</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/zsh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> zsh</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/bash.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> bash</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/fish.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> fish</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/tmux.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> tmux</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/git.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> git</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/awk.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> awk</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/emacs.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> emacs</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/gpg.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> gpg</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/gdb.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.9.</strong> gdb</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/gdbserver.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.10.</strong> gdbserver</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/radare2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.11.</strong> radare2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/qemu.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.12.</strong> qemu</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/pacman.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.13.</strong> pacman</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/dot.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.14.</strong> dot</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tools/ffmpeg.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.15.</strong> ffmpeg</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Resource analysis & monitor</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/lsof.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> lsof</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/ss.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> ss</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/pidstat.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> pidstat</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/pgrep.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> pgrep</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/pmap.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> pmap</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/pstack.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.6.</strong> pstack</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Trace and Profile</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/strace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> strace</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/ltrace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> ltrace</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/perf.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> perf</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/oprofile.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> OProfile</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/time.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> time</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Binary</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/od.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> od</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/xxd.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> xxd</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/readelf.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> readelf</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/objdump.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.4.</strong> objdump</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/nm.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.5.</strong> nm</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Development</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/c++filt.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> c++filt</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/c++.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> c++</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/glibc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> glibc</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/gcc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> gcc</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/cmake.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.5.</strong> cmake</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/make.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.6.</strong> make</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/ld.so.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.7.</strong> ld.so</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/symbolver.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.8.</strong> symbol versioning</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/python.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.9.</strong> python</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/gcov.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.</strong> gcov</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/pgo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.</strong> pgo</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../linux/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> Linux</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../linux/systemd.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.1.</strong> systemd</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../linux/coredump.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.2.</strong> coredump</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../linux/ptrace_scope.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.3.</strong> ptrace_scope</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../linux/cryptsetup.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.4.</strong> cryptsetup</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../linux/swap.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.5.</strong> swap</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../linux/input.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.6.</strong> input</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../linux/acl.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.7.</strong> acl</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../linux/zfs.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.8.</strong> zfs</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../network/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> Network</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../network/tcpdump.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.1.</strong> tcpdump</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../network/tshark.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.2.</strong> tshark</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../network/firewall-cmd.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.3.</strong> firewall-cmd</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../network/nftables.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.4.</strong> nftables</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../web/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.</strong> Web</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../web/html.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.1.</strong> html</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../web/css.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.2.</strong> css</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../web/chartjs.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.3.</strong> chartjs</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../arch/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.</strong> Arch</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../arch/x86_64.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.1.</strong> x86_64</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../arch/arm64.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.2.</strong> arm64</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../arch/armv7.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.3.</strong> armv7</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../arch/riscv.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.4.</strong> riscv</a></li></ol></li></ol>
</div>
<div id="sidebar-resize-handle" class="sidebar-resize-handle">
<div class="sidebar-resize-indicator"></div>
</div>
</nav>
<!-- Track and set sidebar scroll position -->
<script>
var sidebarScrollbox = document.querySelector('#sidebar .sidebar-scrollbox');
sidebarScrollbox.addEventListener('click', function(e) {
if (e.target.tagName === 'A') {
sessionStorage.setItem('sidebar-scroll', sidebarScrollbox.scrollTop);
}
}, { passive: true });
var sidebarScrollTop = sessionStorage.getItem('sidebar-scroll');
sessionStorage.removeItem('sidebar-scroll');
if (sidebarScrollTop) {
// preserve sidebar scroll position when navigating via links within sidebar
sidebarScrollbox.scrollTop = sidebarScrollTop;
} else {
// scroll sidebar to current active section when navigating via "next/previous chapter" buttons
var activeSection = document.querySelector('#sidebar .active');
if (activeSection) {
activeSection.scrollIntoView({ block: 'center' });
}
}
</script>
<div id="page-wrapper" class="page-wrapper">
<div class="page">
<div id="menu-bar-hover-placeholder"></div>
<div id="menu-bar" class="menu-bar sticky">
<div class="left-buttons">
<label id="sidebar-toggle" class="icon-button" for="sidebar-toggle-anchor" title="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-label="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-controls="sidebar">
<i class="fa fa-bars"></i>
</label>
<button id="theme-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Change theme" aria-label="Change theme" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="theme-list">
<i class="fa fa-paint-brush"></i>
</button>
<ul id="theme-list" class="theme-popup" aria-label="Themes" role="menu">
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="light">Light</button></li>
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="rust">Rust</button></li>
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="coal">Coal</button></li>
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="navy">Navy</button></li>
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="ayu">Ayu</button></li>
</ul>
<button id="search-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Search. (Shortkey: s)" aria-label="Toggle Searchbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-keyshortcuts="S" aria-controls="searchbar">
<i class="fa fa-search"></i>
</button>
</div>
<h1 class="menu-title">Notes</h1>
<div class="right-buttons">
<a href="../print.html" title="Print this book" aria-label="Print this book">
<i id="print-button" class="fa fa-print"></i>
</a>
<a href="https://github.com/johannst/notes" title="Git repository" aria-label="Git repository">
<i id="git-repository-button" class="fa fa-github"></i>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="search-wrapper" class="hidden">
<form id="searchbar-outer" class="searchbar-outer">
<input type="search" id="searchbar" name="searchbar" placeholder="Search this book ..." aria-controls="searchresults-outer" aria-describedby="searchresults-header">
</form>
<div id="searchresults-outer" class="searchresults-outer hidden">
<div id="searchresults-header" class="searchresults-header"></div>
<ul id="searchresults">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Apply ARIA attributes after the sidebar and the sidebar toggle button are added to the DOM -->
<script>
document.getElementById('sidebar-toggle').setAttribute('aria-expanded', sidebar === 'visible');
document.getElementById('sidebar').setAttribute('aria-hidden', sidebar !== 'visible');
Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('#sidebar a')).forEach(function(link) {
link.setAttribute('tabIndex', sidebar === 'visible' ? 0 : -1);
});
</script>
<div id="content" class="content">
<main>
<h1 id="gpg1"><a class="header" href="#gpg1">gpg(1)</a></h1>
<pre><code>gpg
-o|--output Specify output file
-a|--armor Create ascii output
-u|--local-user <name> Specify key for signing
-r|--recipient Encrypt for user
</code></pre>
<h2 id="generate-new-keypair"><a class="header" href="#generate-new-keypair">Generate new keypair</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --full-generate-key
</code></pre>
<h2 id="list-keys"><a class="header" href="#list-keys">List keys</a></h2>
<pre><code>gpg -k / --list-key # public keys
gpg -K / --list-secret-keys # secret keys
</code></pre>
<h2 id="edit-keys"><a class="header" href="#edit-keys">Edit keys</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --edit-key <KEY ID>
</code></pre>
<p>Gives prompt to modify <code>KEY ID</code>, common commands:</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">help show help
save save & quit
list list keys and user IDs
key <N> select subkey <N>
uid <N> select user ID <N>
expire change expiration of selected key
adduid add user ID
deluid delete selected user ID
addkey add subkey
delkey delete selected subkey
</code></pre>
<h2 id="export--import-keys"><a class="header" href="#export--import-keys">Export & Import Keys</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --export --armor --output <KEY.PUB> <KEY ID>
gpg --export-secret-key --armor --output <KEY.PUB> <KEY ID>
gpg --import <FILE>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="search--send-keys"><a class="header" href="#search--send-keys">Search & Send keys</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --keyserver <SERVER> --send-keys <KEY ID>
gpg --keyserver <SERVER> --search-keys <KEY ID>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="encrypt-passphrase"><a class="header" href="#encrypt-passphrase">Encrypt (passphrase)</a></h2>
<p>Encrypt file using <code>passphrase</code> and write encrypted data to <code><file>.gpg</code>.</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --symmetric <file>
# Decrypt using passphrase
gpg -o <file> --decrypt <file>.gpg
</code></pre>
<h2 id="encrypt-public-key"><a class="header" href="#encrypt-public-key">Encrypt (public key)</a></h2>
<p>Encrypt file with <code>public key</code> of specified <code>recipient</code> and write encrypted
data to <code><file>.gpg</code>.</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --encrypt -r foo@bar.de <file>
# Decrypt at foos side (private key required)
gpg -o <file> --decrypt <file>.gpg
</code></pre>
<h2 id="signing"><a class="header" href="#signing">Signing</a></h2>
<p>Generate a signed file and write to <code><file>.gpg</code>.</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Sign with private key of foo@bar.de
gpg --sign -u foor@bar.de <file>
# Verify with public key of foo@bar.de
gpg --verify <file>
# Extract content from signed file
gpg -o <file> --decrypt <file>.gpg
</code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>Without <code>-u</code> use first private key in list <code>gpg -K</code> for signing.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Files can also be <code>signed</code> and <code>encrypted</code> at once, gpg will first sign the
file and then encrypt it.</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --sign --encrypt -r <recipient> <file>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="signing-detached"><a class="header" href="#signing-detached">Signing (detached)</a></h2>
<p>Generate a <code>detached</code> signature and write to <code><file>.asc</code>.
Send <code><file>.asc</code> along with <code><file></code> when distributing.</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --detach-sign --armor -u foor@bar.de <file>
# Verify
gpg --verify <file>.asc <file>
</code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>Without <code>-u</code> use first private key in list <code>gpg -K</code> for signing.</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="abbreviations"><a class="header" href="#abbreviations">Abbreviations</a></h2>
<ul>
<li><code>sec</code> secret key</li>
<li><code>ssb</code> secret subkey</li>
<li><code>pub</code> public key</li>
<li><code>sub</code> public subkey</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="keyservers"><a class="header" href="#keyservers">Keyservers</a></h2>
<ul>
<li>http://pgp.mit.edu</li>
<li>http://keyserver.ubuntu.com</li>
<li>hkps://pgp.mailbox.org</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="examples"><a class="header" href="#examples">Examples</a></h2>
<h3 id="list-basic-key-information-from-file-with-long-keyids"><a class="header" href="#list-basic-key-information-from-file-with-long-keyids">List basic key information from file with long keyids</a></h3>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --keyid-format 0xlong <key.asc>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="extend-expiring-key"><a class="header" href="#extend-expiring-key">Extend expiring key</a></h3>
<pre><code class="language-bash">gpg --edit-key <key id>
# By default we are on the primary key, can switch to sub key.
gpg> key 1
# Update the expire date.
gpg> expire
gpg> save
# Update keyserver(s) and/or export new pub keyfile.
</code></pre>
</main>
<nav class="nav-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
<!-- Mobile navigation buttons -->
<a rel="prev" href="../tools/emacs.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
</a>
<a rel="next prefetch" href="../tools/gdb.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
</a>
<div style="clear: both"></div>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
<nav class="nav-wide-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
<a rel="prev" href="../tools/emacs.html" class="nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
</a>
<a rel="next prefetch" href="../tools/gdb.html" class="nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
</a>
</nav>
</div>
<script>
window.playground_copyable = true;
</script>
<script src="../elasticlunr.min.js"></script>
<script src="../mark.min.js"></script>
<script src="../searcher.js"></script>
<script src="../clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script src="../highlight.js"></script>
<script src="../book.js"></script>
<!-- Custom JS scripts -->
</div>
</body>
</html>
|
