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authorjohannst <johannst@users.noreply.github.com>2022-08-23 19:48:10 +0000
committerjohannst <johannst@users.noreply.github.com>2022-08-23 19:48:10 +0000
commit25b609d0c70d49dd62479ce03578704e62712bd8 (patch)
treef9c761f5c72ded4cf9c31bad9f15109cf810b55c /tools/qemu.html
parentf647a8c45dda58078c86a96c68ae00ea1c69a222 (diff)
downloadnotes-25b609d0c70d49dd62479ce03578704e62712bd8.tar.gz
notes-25b609d0c70d49dd62479ce03578704e62712bd8.zip
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- <ol class="chapter"><li class="expanded affix "><a href="../intro.html">Introduction</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Tools</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/zsh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> zsh</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/bash.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> bash</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/fish.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> fish</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/tmux.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> tmux</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/git.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> git</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/awk.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> awk</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/emacs.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> emacs</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/gpg.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> gpg</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/gdb.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.9.</strong> gdb</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/gdbserver.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.10.</strong> gdbserver</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/radare2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.11.</strong> radare2</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/qemu.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.12.</strong> qemu</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/pacman.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.13.</strong> pacman</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../tools/dot.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.14.</strong> dot</a></li></ol></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../monitor/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Resource analysis &amp; monitor</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="expanded "><a href="../monitor/lsof.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> lsof</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../monitor/ss.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> ss</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../monitor/pidstat.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> pidstat</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../monitor/pgrep.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> pgrep</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../monitor/pmap.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> pmap</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../monitor/pstack.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.6.</strong> pstack</a></li></ol></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Trace and Profile</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/strace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> strace</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/ltrace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> ltrace</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/perf.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> perf</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/oprofile.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> OProfile</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/time.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> time</a></li></ol></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../binary/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Binary</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="expanded "><a href="../binary/od.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> od</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../binary/xxd.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> xxd</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../binary/readelf.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> readelf</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../binary/objdump.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.4.</strong> objdump</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../binary/nm.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.5.</strong> nm</a></li></ol></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../development/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Development</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="expanded "><a href="../development/c++filt.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> c++filt</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../development/c++.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> c++</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../development/glibc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> glibc</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../development/gcc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> gcc</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../development/make.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.5.</strong> make</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../development/ld.so.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.6.</strong> ld.so</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../development/symbolver.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.7.</strong> symbol versioning</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../development/python.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.8.</strong> python</a></li></ol></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../linux/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> Linux</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="expanded "><a href="../linux/systemd.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.1.</strong> systemd</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../linux/coredump.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.2.</strong> coredump</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../linux/ptrace_scope.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.3.</strong> ptrace_scope</a></li></ol></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../network/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> Network</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="expanded "><a href="../network/tcpdump.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.1.</strong> tcpdump</a></li></ol></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../arch/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.</strong> Arch</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="expanded "><a href="../arch/x86_64.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.1.</strong> x86_64</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../arch/arm64.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.2.</strong> arm64</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../arch/armv7.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.3.</strong> armv7</a></li><li class="expanded "><a href="../arch/riscv.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.4.</strong> riscv</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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href="../monitor/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Resource analysis & monitor</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/lsof.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> lsof</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/ss.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> ss</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/pidstat.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> pidstat</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/pgrep.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> pgrep</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/pmap.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> pmap</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../monitor/pstack.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.6.</strong> pstack</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Trace and Profile</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/strace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> strace</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/ltrace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> ltrace</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/perf.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> perf</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/oprofile.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> OProfile</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../trace_profile/time.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> time</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Binary</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/od.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> od</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/xxd.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> xxd</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/readelf.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> readelf</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/objdump.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.4.</strong> objdump</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../binary/nm.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.5.</strong> nm</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Development</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/c++filt.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> c++filt</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/c++.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> c++</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/glibc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> glibc</a></li><li 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aria-hidden="true">6.2.</strong> coredump</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../linux/ptrace_scope.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.3.</strong> ptrace_scope</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../network/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> Network</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../network/tcpdump.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.1.</strong> tcpdump</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../arch/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.</strong> Arch</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../arch/x86_64.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.1.</strong> x86_64</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../arch/arm64.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.2.</strong> arm64</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../arch/armv7.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.3.</strong> armv7</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../arch/riscv.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.4.</strong> riscv</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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@@ -139,8 +126,6 @@
</ul>
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@@ -152,10 +137,10 @@
<div id="content" class="content">
<main>
- <h1><a class="header" href="#qemu1" id="qemu1">qemu(1)</a></h1>
+ <h1 id="qemu1"><a class="header" href="#qemu1">qemu(1)</a></h1>
<p>All the examples &amp; notes use <code>qemu-system-x86_64</code> but in most cases
this can be swapped with the system emulator for other architectures.</p>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#keybindings" id="keybindings">Keybindings</a></h2>
+<h2 id="keybindings"><a class="header" href="#keybindings">Keybindings</a></h2>
<p>Graphic mode:</p>
<pre><code class="language-markdown">Ctrl+Alt+g release mouse capture from VM
@@ -167,7 +152,7 @@ Ctrl+Alt+2 switch to qemu monitor
Ctrl+a x exit emulator
Ctrl+a c switch between monitor and console
</code></pre>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#vm-config-snippet" id="vm-config-snippet">VM config snippet</a></h2>
+<h2 id="vm-config-snippet"><a class="header" href="#vm-config-snippet">VM config snippet</a></h2>
<p>Following command-line gives a good starting point to assemble a VM:</p>
<pre><code>qemu-system-x86_64 \
-cpu host -enable-kvm -smp 4 \
@@ -179,7 +164,7 @@ Ctrl+a c switch between monitor and console
-device qemu-xhci,id=xhci \
-device usb-host,bus=xhci.0,vendorid=0x05e1,productid=0x0408,id=capture-card
</code></pre>
-<h3><a class="header" href="#cpu--ram" id="cpu--ram">CPU &amp; RAM</a></h3>
+<h3 id="cpu--ram"><a class="header" href="#cpu--ram">CPU &amp; RAM</a></h3>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Emulate host CPU in guest VM, enabling all supported host featured (requires KVM).
# List available CPUs `qemu-system-x86_64 -cpu help`.
-cpu host
@@ -193,7 +178,7 @@ Ctrl+a c switch between monitor and console
# Configure size of guest RAM.
-m 8G
</code></pre>
-<h3><a class="header" href="#graphic--display" id="graphic--display">Graphic &amp; Display</a></h3>
+<h3 id="graphic--display"><a class="header" href="#graphic--display">Graphic &amp; Display</a></h3>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Use sdl window as display and enable openGL context.
-display sdl,gl=on
@@ -203,11 +188,11 @@ Ctrl+a c switch between monitor and console
# Confifure virtio as 3D video graphic accelerator (requires virgl in guest).
-vga virtio
</code></pre>
-<h3><a class="header" href="#boot-menu" id="boot-menu">Boot Menu</a></h3>
+<h3 id="boot-menu"><a class="header" href="#boot-menu">Boot Menu</a></h3>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Enables boot menu to select boot device (enter with `ESC`).
-boot menu=on
</code></pre>
-<h3><a class="header" href="#block-devices" id="block-devices">Block devices</a></h3>
+<h3 id="block-devices"><a class="header" href="#block-devices">Block devices</a></h3>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Attach cdrom drive with iso to a VM.
-cdrom &lt;iso&gt;
@@ -217,7 +202,7 @@ Ctrl+a c switch between monitor and console
# Generic way to configure &amp; attach a drive to a VM.
-drive file=&lt;file&gt;,format=qcow2
</code></pre>
-<h4><a class="header" href="#create-a-disk-with-a-hrefhttpsqemu-projectgitlabioqemutoolsqemu-imghtmlqemu-imga" id="create-a-disk-with-a-hrefhttpsqemu-projectgitlabioqemutoolsqemu-imghtmlqemu-imga">Create a disk with <a href="https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/tools/qemu-img.html"><code>qemu-img</code></a></a></h4>
+<h4 id="create-a-disk-with-qemu-img"><a class="header" href="#create-a-disk-with-qemu-img">Create a disk with <a href="https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/tools/qemu-img.html"><code>qemu-img</code></a></a></h4>
<p>To create a <code>qcow2</code> disk (qemu copy-on-write) of size <code>10G</code>:</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">qemu-img create -f qcow2 disk.qcow2 10G
</code></pre>
@@ -240,25 +225,25 @@ lsblk -f /dev/sda
├─sda1 ext3 ....
└─sda2 ext4 ....
</code></pre>
-<h3><a class="header" href="#usb" id="usb">USB</a></h3>
-<h4><a class="header" href="#host-controller" id="host-controller">Host Controller</a></h4>
+<h3 id="usb"><a class="header" href="#usb">USB</a></h3>
+<h4 id="host-controller"><a class="header" href="#host-controller">Host Controller</a></h4>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Add XHCI USB controller to the VM (supports USB 3.0, 2.0, 1.1).
# `id=xhci` creates a usb bus named `xhci`.
-device qemu-xhci,id=xhci
</code></pre>
-<h4><a class="header" href="#usb-device" id="usb-device">USB Device</a></h4>
+<h4 id="usb-device"><a class="header" href="#usb-device">USB Device</a></h4>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Pass-through USB device from host identified by vendorid &amp; productid and
# attach to usb bus `xhci.0` (defined with controller `id`).
-device usb-host,bus=xhci.0,vendorid=0x05e1,productid=0x0408
</code></pre>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#debugging" id="debugging">Debugging</a></h2>
+<h2 id="debugging"><a class="header" href="#debugging">Debugging</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Open gdbstub on tcp `&lt;port&gt;` (`-s` shorthand for `-gdb tcp::1234`).
-gdb tcp::&lt;port&gt;
# Freeze guest CPU at startup and wait for debugger connection.
-S
</code></pre>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#io-redirection" id="io-redirection">IO redirection</a></h2>
+<h2 id="io-redirection"><a class="header" href="#io-redirection">IO redirection</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Create raw tcp server for `serial IO` and wait until a client connects
# before executing the guest.
-serial tcp:localhost:12345,server,wait
@@ -275,17 +260,17 @@ lsblk -f /dev/sda
<p>In <code>server</code> mode use <code>nowait</code> to execute guest without waiting for a client
connection.</p>
</blockquote>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#network" id="network">Network</a></h2>
+<h2 id="network"><a class="header" href="#network">Network</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Redirect host tcp port `1234` to guest port `4321`.
-nic user,hostfwd=tcp:localhost:1234-:4321
</code></pre>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#shared-drives" id="shared-drives">Shared drives</a></h2>
+<h2 id="shared-drives"><a class="header" href="#shared-drives">Shared drives</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Attach a `virtio-9p-pci` device to the VM.
# The guest requires 9p support and can mount the shared drive as:
# mount -t 9p -o trans=virtio someName /mnt
-virtfs local,id=someName,path=&lt;someHostPath&gt;,mount_tag=someName,security_model=none
</code></pre>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#debug-logging" id="debug-logging">Debug logging</a></h2>
+<h2 id="debug-logging"><a class="header" href="#debug-logging">Debug logging</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># List debug items.
-d help
@@ -295,7 +280,7 @@ connection.</p>
# Examples
-d in_asm Log executed guest instructions.
</code></pre>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#tracing" id="tracing">Tracing</a></h2>
+<h2 id="tracing"><a class="header" href="#tracing">Tracing</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># List name of all trace points.
-trace help
@@ -306,7 +291,7 @@ connection.</p>
# File must contain one event/pattern per line.
-trace events=&lt;events&gt;
</code></pre>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#vm-snapshots" id="vm-snapshots">VM snapshots</a></h2>
+<h2 id="vm-snapshots"><a class="header" href="#vm-snapshots">VM snapshots</a></h2>
<p>VM snapshots require that there is at least on <code>qcow2</code> disk attached to the VM
(<a href="https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/images.html#vm-005fsnapshots">VM Snapshots</a>).</p>
<p>Commands for qemu <a href="https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/monitor.html">Monitor</a> or <a href="https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/interop/qemu-qmp-ref.html">QMP</a>:</p>
@@ -323,7 +308,7 @@ delvm &lt;tag&gt;
-loadvm &lt;tag&gt; \
...
</code></pre>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#vm-migration" id="vm-migration">VM Migration</a></h2>
+<h2 id="vm-migration"><a class="header" href="#vm-migration">VM Migration</a></h2>
<p><code>Online</code> migration example:</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash"># Start machine 1 on host ABC.
qemu-system-x86_64 -monitor stdio -cdrom &lt;iso&gt;
@@ -350,7 +335,7 @@ qemu-system-x86_64 -monitor stdio -incoming &quot;exec: gzip -d -c vm.gz&quot;
<p>The migration source machine and the migration target machine should be
launched with the <strong>same</strong> parameters.</p>
</blockquote>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#appendix-direct-kernel-boot" id="appendix-direct-kernel-boot">Appendix: Direct <code>Kernel</code> boot</a></h2>
+<h2 id="appendix-direct-kernel-boot"><a class="header" href="#appendix-direct-kernel-boot">Appendix: Direct <code>Kernel</code> boot</a></h2>
<p>Example command line to directly boot a <code>Kernel</code> with an <code>initrd</code> ramdisk.</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">qemu-system-x86_64 \
-cpu host \
@@ -361,7 +346,7 @@ launched with the <strong>same</strong> parameters.</p>
...
</code></pre>
<p>Instructions to build a minimal <a href="https://blog.memzero.de/kernel-debugging-qemu"><code>Kernel</code> and <code>initrd</code></a>.</p>
-<h2><a class="header" href="#references" id="references">References</a></h2>
+<h2 id="references"><a class="header" href="#references">References</a></h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/qemu/qemu/blob/master/docs/usb2.txt">QEMU USB</a></li>
<li><a href="https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/tools/qemu-img.html">QEMU IMG</a></li>
@@ -377,67 +362,38 @@ launched with the <strong>same</strong> parameters.</p>
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